Vol.26, Special Issue B, 2026, pp. S5–S11
https://doi.org/10.69644/ivk-2026-siB-0005 

OXYGENATED NANOPARTICLES INFLUENCE ON INTERNAL COMBUSTION (IC) ENGINES PERFORMANCE, COMBUSTION, AND EMISSIONS

Bhojraj N. Kale1 , Saroj V. Borkar2 , Prakash V. Dhopte1, Vikas Pandey3 , Manoj Sahni*4 , Jitesh Shinde5 , Pravin T. Petkar1 

1) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Jhulelal Institute of Technology, Nagpur (MH), INDIA

B.N. Kale https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4084-4796 ; P.T. Petkar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4571-3907

2) Department of Mechanical Engineering, Priyadarshini Bhagwati College of Engineering, Nagpur (MH), INDIA

S.V. Borkar https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8343-9574

3) Electrical Engineering Department, Babu Banarasi Das University, Lucknow, INDIA

V. Pandey https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4237-2318

4) Department of Mathematics, School of Technology, Pandit Deendayal Energy University, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, INDIA

M. Sahni https://orcid.org/0000-0001-7949-9147 , *email: manojsahani117@gmail.com

5) Electronics Engineering (VLSI Design & Technology), CSMSS Chatrapati Shahu College of Engineering, Chh. Sambhajinagar, Maharashtra, INDIA  J. Shinde https://orcid.org/0000-0003-3838-1921

 

Abstract

One possible method to improve engine performance, optimise combustion properties, and lower hazardous emissions is the incorporation of oxygenated nanoparticles as fuel additives in internal combustion (IC) engines. These nanoparticles, typical metal oxides as Al2O3, CeO2, TiO2, and ZnO, enhance combustion through catalytic activity and serve as localised oxygen donors during fuel oxidation. Improved atomisation, quicker ignition, and higher heat release rates are all facilitated by their large surface area and thermal conductivity.

According to experimental research, adding such nanoparticles to diesel, biodiesel, or mixed fuels at modest concentrations (usually 30-150 ppm) significantly increases brake thermal efficiency and decreases brake-specific fuel consumption. Due to complete combustion, emission measurements regularly demonstrate notable reductions in smoke, carbon monoxide, and unburned hydrocarbons. Nevertheless, higher in-cylinder temperatures and quicker flame propagation are frequently linked to a little rise in nitrogen oxides (NOx) emissions.

All things considered, the application of oxygenated nanoparticles presents a practical solution to enhance fuel efficiency and ecological sustainability in internal combustion engines, especially when combined with biodiesel plus exhaust gas recirculation (EGR) technology.

Keywords: • nanoparticles metal oxide • IC engine • performance • emissions

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